A study of pulverized chicken bone mixed with cement as floor tiles

Abstract

Every year, meat products are the most consumed, resulting in a large amount of residue. The total chicken population in the Philippines in the second quarter of 2021 was 190.74 metric tons, more than 2.4 percent from the previous year (2020), with the most significant production in Central Luzon and Northern Mindanao. The paper aims to determine the bulk density, water absorption, impact resistance, compressive strength, modulus of rupture of chicken bone powder (CBP) combined with cement at various percent doses, and compare it to the control sample and determine the optimal amount of CBP as a partial substitute for cement in floor tiles. Five dosage increments of bone powder have been created to start at 0% (as the control group), 15%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The first experiment has carried out to evaluate the chemical composition of CBP by Scanning Electron Microscopy - EDX analysis (SEM-EDX Analysis). The optimal ratio among multiple properties, including bulk density (20% CBP), water absorption (20% CBP), impact resistance (15%), compressive strength (15%), and rupture modulus (15%), were obtained for this purpose. Therefore, the optimum dosage of the chicken bone powder indicated 15% by weight, and adding % by weight of silica fume could also partially help to replace cement content.